Sains Malaysiana 53(3)(2024): 681-689
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5303-15
Investigation of Phosphorylated and O-Glycosylated Proteins in
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
(Penelitian Protein Terfosforilasi dan Terglikosilasi O dalam
Kehamilan Diabetes Mellitus)
AFSHAN
KALEEM*, TEHREEM ANWAR, AQSA IFTIKHAR, ROHEENA ABDULLAH, MEHWISH IQTEDAR &
MAHWISH AFTAB
Department
of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore-54000, Pakistan
Diserahkan: 17 Ogos 2023/Diterima: 21 Februari 2024
Abstract
Gestational
Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a common but temporary type of diabetes that
develops among 10-20% of all pregnant women. It is a major cause of several
pre- and post-pregnancy diseases in both mother and offspring. The main
causative is altered pregnancy hormones that lead to deficient glucose
metabolism. Complications can be preeclampsia, caesarean sections and
cardiovascular diseases. This study was designed to determine the
phosphorylated and glycosylated proteins present in GDM and to investigate the
role of their post-translational modifications (PTMs) in the pathogenesis of
GDM. The study was performed on 30 blood samples from pregnant diabetic women
(diseased), 30 pregnant non-diabetic women (control) and 30 women without
pregnancy and gestational diabetes (normal). Protein extraction was done from
blood plasma, and phosphorylated and glycosylated proteins were determined by
Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) by use of specific antibodies. This
study showed that proteins found in GDM are highly phosphorylated and O-glycosylated
(p<0.01). Furthermore, a bioinformatic investigation was done, which showed
that blood coagulation proteins such as the Fibrinogen
alpha chain and lipid
metabolism-regulating proteins apolipoprotein E, L1 and C-III showed a high potential for phosphorylation,
which suggests that phosphorylation can be used as a therapeutic marker in GDM.
Keywords:
Gestational diabetes mellitus; glycosylation;
phosphorylation; protein modification
Abstrak
Kehamilan Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)
adalah jenis diabetes biasa tetapi sementara yang berlaku dalam kalangan 10-20%
daripada semua wanita hamil. Ia adalah punca utama kepada beberapa penyakit
sebelum dan selepas kehamilan pada ibu dan anak. Penyebab utama adalah perubahan
hormon kehamilan yang membawa kepada kekurangan metabolisme glukosa. Komplikasi
boleh menjadi preeklampsia, pembedahan caesarean dan penyakit kardiovaskular.
Kajian ini direka bentuk untuk menentukan protein terfosforilasi dan
terglikosilasi yang hadir dalam GDM dan untuk mengkaji peranan pengubahsuaian
pasca translasi (PTM) mereka dalam patogenesis GDM. Kajian dilakukan terhadap
30 sampel darah daripada wanita hamil yang menghidap diabetes (berpenyakit), 30
wanita hamil bukan kencing manis (kawalan) dan 30 wanita tidak hamil dan tiada
kencing manis (normal). Pengekstrakan protein dilakukan daripada plasma darah
dan protein terfosforilasi dan glikosilasi ditentukan oleh Asai Imunosorben
Berkait Enzim (ELISA) dengan menggunakan antibodi khusus. Kajian ini
menunjukkan bahawa protein yang terdapat dalam GDM adalah sangat terfosforilasi
dan O-glikosilasi (p<0.01). Tambahan pula, penyelidikan bioinformatik telah
dilakukan yang menunjukkan bahawa protein pembekuan darah seperti rantai alfa
Fibrinogen dan protein yang mengawal metabolisme lipid apolipoprotein E, L1 dan
C-III menunjukkan potensi tinggi untuk fosforilasi yang mencadangkan bahawa
fosforilasi boleh digunakan sebagai penanda terapeutik dalam GDM.
Kata kunci: Kehamilan Diabetes
Mellitus; pengubahsuaian protein; glikosilasi; fosforilasi
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: afshan.kaleem@lcwu.edu.pk
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